Provocative, if unlikely to sway the present administration.
One person’s ounce of prevention is another’s war crime: That’s the slippery slope on which renowned legal scholar and commentator Dershowitz (Why Terrorism Works, 2002, etc.) develops his latest treatise.
Proof of intent was once an evidentiary requirement, or at least desideratum, before jailing someone who might do wrong or attacking a country that might harbor terrorists. No more, not since 9/11. Writes Dershowitz, “The shift from responding to past events to preventing future harms is one of the most significant but unnoticed trends in the world today.” That trend works against a long tradition of deterrence, and, Dershowitz argues, prevention cannot be supported “as a general principle because so much properly depends on the values at stake.” If the U.S. could invade Iraq because its ruler was presumed to be developing weapons of mass destruction, could not Saddam Hussein bomb an American city with an eye to killing exiled enemies of his regime? The two positions are not so far apart. Yet, Dershowitz allows, there can be just cause to strike first: If England had attacked Germany in the mid-1930s in order to prevent rearmament and thus WWII, we might not really know what evil had been prevented, but we would remember that Britain had acted as an unprovoked aggressor. In this light, Dershowitz examines Israel’s conduct in conflicts with its Arab neighbors, some of which he regards as lawful inasmuch as they meet international criteria of self-defense, others not. He then turns to the prospects of taking preventive measures against terrorism, which seems an uncertain enterprise at best and one likely to harm democratic values. “There is a desperate need in the world for a coherent and widely accepted jurisprudence of preemption and prevention” that would allow both self-defense and the defense of others, he writes—adding that those who advocate such prevention must be prepared to bear a heavy burden.
Provocative, if unlikely to sway the present administration.Pub Date: Feb. 13, 2006
ISBN: 0-393-06012-8
Page Count: 336
Publisher: Norton
Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 1, 2006
For Howard Zinn, long-time civil rights and anti-war activist, history and ideology have a lot in common. Since he thinks that everything is in someone's interest, the historian—Zinn posits—has to figure out whose interests he or she is defining/defending/reconstructing (hence one of his previous books, The Politics of History). Zinn has no doubts about where he stands in this "people's history": "it is a history disrespectful of governments and respectful of people's movements of resistance." So what we get here, instead of the usual survey of wars, presidents, and institutions, is a survey of the usual rebellions, strikes, and protest movements. Zinn starts out by depicting the arrival of Columbus in North America from the standpoint of the Indians (which amounts to their standpoint as constructed from the observations of the Europeans); and, after easily establishing the cultural disharmony that ensued, he goes on to the importation of slaves into the colonies. Add the laborers and indentured servants that followed, plus women and later immigrants, and you have Zinn's amorphous constituency. To hear Zinn tell it, all anyone did in America at any time was to oppress or be oppressed; and so he obscures as much as his hated mainstream historical foes do—only in Zinn's case there is that absurd presumption that virtually everything that came to pass was the work of ruling-class planning: this amounts to one great indictment for conspiracy. Despite surface similarities, this is not a social history, since we get no sense of the fabric of life. Instead of negating the one-sided histories he detests, Zinn has merely reversed the image; the distortion remains.
Pub Date: Jan. 1, 1979
ISBN: 0061965588
Page Count: 772
Publisher: Harper & Row
Review Posted Online: May 26, 2012
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 1, 1979
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
Occasionally wonky but overall a good case for how the dismal science can make the world less—well, dismal.
“Quality of life means more than just consumption”: Two MIT economists urge that a smarter, more politically aware economics be brought to bear on social issues.
It’s no secret, write Banerjee and Duflo (co-authors: Poor Economics: A Radical Rethinking of the Way To Fight Global Poverty, 2011), that “we seem to have fallen on hard times.” Immigration, trade, inequality, and taxation problems present themselves daily, and they seem to be intractable. Economics can be put to use in figuring out these big-issue questions. Data can be adduced, for example, to answer the question of whether immigration tends to suppress wages. The answer: “There is no evidence low-skilled migration to rich countries drives wage and employment down for the natives.” In fact, it opens up opportunities for those natives by freeing them to look for better work. The problem becomes thornier when it comes to the matter of free trade; as the authors observe, “left-behind people live in left-behind places,” which explains why regional poverty descended on Appalachia when so many manufacturing jobs left for China in the age of globalism, leaving behind not just left-behind people but also people ripe for exploitation by nationalist politicians. The authors add, interestingly, that the same thing occurred in parts of Germany, Spain, and Norway that fell victim to the “China shock.” In what they call a “slightly technical aside,” they build a case for addressing trade issues not with trade wars but with consumption taxes: “It makes no sense to ask agricultural workers to lose their jobs just so steelworkers can keep theirs, which is what tariffs accomplish.” Policymakers might want to consider such counsel, especially when it is coupled with the observation that free trade benefits workers in poor countries but punishes workers in rich ones.
Occasionally wonky but overall a good case for how the dismal science can make the world less—well, dismal.Pub Date: Nov. 12, 2019
ISBN: 978-1-61039-950-0
Page Count: 432
Publisher: PublicAffairs
Review Posted Online: Aug. 28, 2019
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 15, 2019
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