THE WEATHER MACHINE

Journalist Blum (Tubes: A Journey to the Center of the Internet, 2012) takes a bright look at weather forecasting.

The world’s “weather machine” comprises a “global infrastructure of observation and prediction” peopled by hidden atmospheric scientists, data theorists, and others. Thanks to computer models, today’s “weather men” deliver a six-day forecast that is “as good as a two-day forecast in the 1970s.” Based on many interviews, this revealing, nicely crafted book guides us gently into a daunting subject through stories of unexpected people and events. The telegraph, introduced by Samuel Morse in 1844, first allowed us to know the weather in many places at one time. Ten years later, the Smithsonian began posting weather observations on a giant U.S. map in the lobby of its new Washington, D.C., headquarters. Norwegian meteorologist Vilhelm Bjerknes (1862-1951) used math and physics to analyze the atmospheric variables (density, humidity, temperature, etc.) of a single moment and extrapolate a weather forecast. Many more observations were needed for the method to work with accuracy, and much of Blum’s book recounts how laboratories, lighthouses, farmers, and others, including today’s weather satellites, formed a worldwide system of collecting data that is now fed into weather models to become sophisticated forecasts. Today, thousands of weather stations are networked through the U.N.’s World Meteorological Organization. Blum’s travels offer glimpses of the National Center for Atmospheric Research’s Mesa Lab in Colorado and the “Euro” forecast factory in Reading, England; meteorology conventions where small instrument makers exhibit next to Raytheon, Northrop Grumman, and other manufacturers of drones and satellites; the ongoing $11 billion makeover of the U.S. satellite program; and the Weather Company, which provides forecasts for TV and websites worldwide. A “last bastion of international cooperation,” the current system of data exchange may one day be supplanted by global corporations, writes the author.

A solid popular account with plenty of quirky detail about this “new way of seeing into the future.”