Enjoyable popular science.
An overview of the five traditional senses, plus a few others.
“A sense can be defined as a faculty that detects a specific stimulus by means of a receptor dedicated to that stimulus,” writes Ward, director of the Animal Behaviour Lab at the University of Sydney and author of The Social Lives of Animals. Light activates receptors in the retina, and taste receptors “coat our tongues,” but nothing happens without the brain, which converts electrical impulses into our sensual experiences. Colors do not exist; we see “red” because that’s how the brain interprets certain electrical wavelengths. As the author shows, the brain evolved for survival, not accuracy. It can’t handle every sensory input, so it seeks patterns, takes shortcuts, cuts corners, and sees, hears, tastes, or smells what it expects on the basis of past experience. Ward devotes the most space to vision. “Sight involves a vast number of sensory receptors…and consumes more of the brain’s resources than all the rest of our senses combined,” writes the author. Despite writing and sign language, sound remains preeminent in human communication. A molecule becomes a smell or taste when it hits a receptor inside our nose or mouth, and smell is responsible for up to 80% of our taste. As the Covid-19 pandemic demonstrated, losing the ability to smell limits the pleasure of eating. Long before language evolved, touch was the primary means by which humans communicated, and it remains essential for taking in information on our surroundings and registering pain. It’s also the indispensable catalyst for relationships. We constantly touch those around us, and infants require touch to develop normally. Ward also notes how scientists have no doubt that other senses exist. Balance, for one, is no mean feat and requires its own specialized organ in the ear. Many animals sense Earth’s magnetic field in order to navigate, and Ward describes some studies that demonstrate its presence in humans.
Enjoyable popular science.Pub Date: March 28, 2023
ISBN: 9781541600850
Page Count: 320
Publisher: N/A
Review Posted Online: Dec. 22, 2022
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 15, 2023
Some of Avant’s mantras are overstated, but her book is magnanimous, inspiring, and relentlessly optimistic.
Memories and life lessons inspired by the author’s mother, who was murdered in 2021.
“Neither my mother nor I knew that her last text to me would be the words ‘Think you’ll be happy,’ ” Avant writes, "but it is fitting that she left me with a mantra for resiliency.” The author, a filmmaker and former U.S. Ambassador to the Bahamas, begins her first book on the night she learned her mother, Jacqueline Avant, had been fatally shot during a home invasion. “One of my first thoughts,” she writes, “was, ‘Oh God, please don’t let me hate this man. Give me the strength not to hate him.’ ” Daughter of Clarence Avant, known as the “Black Godfather” due to his work as a pioneering music executive, the author describes growing up “in a house that had a revolving door of famous people,” from Ella Fitzgerald to Muhammad Ali. “I don’t take for granted anything I have achieved in my life as a Black American woman,” writes Avant. “And I recognize my unique upbringing…..I was taught to honor our past and pay forward our fruits.” The book, which is occasionally repetitive, includes tributes to her mother from figures like Oprah Winfrey and Bill Clinton, but the narrative core is the author’s direct, faith-based, unwaveringly positive messages to readers—e.g., “I don’t want to carry the sadness and anger I have toward the man who did this to my mother…so I’m worshiping God amid the worst storm imaginable”; "Success and feeling good are contagious. I’m all about positive contagious vibrations!” Avant frequently quotes Bible verses, and the bulk of the text reflects the spirit of her daily prayer “that everything is in divine order.” Imploring readers to practice proactive behavior, she writes, “We have to always find the blessing, to be the blessing.”
Some of Avant’s mantras are overstated, but her book is magnanimous, inspiring, and relentlessly optimistic.Pub Date: Oct. 17, 2023
ISBN: 9780063304413
Page Count: 288
Publisher: HarperOne
Review Posted Online: Aug. 17, 2023
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 15, 2023
Alternately admiring and critical, unvarnished, and a closely detailed account of a troubled innovator.
A warts-and-all portrait of the famed techno-entrepreneur—and the warts are nearly beyond counting.
To call Elon Musk (b. 1971) “mercurial” is to undervalue the term; to call him a genius is incorrect. Instead, Musk has a gift for leveraging the genius of others in order to make things work. When they don’t, writes eminent biographer Isaacson, it’s because the notoriously headstrong Musk is so sure of himself that he charges ahead against the advice of others: “He does not like to share power.” In this sharp-edged biography, the author likens Musk to an earlier biographical subject, Steve Jobs. Given Musk’s recent political turn, born of the me-first libertarianism of the very rich, however, Henry Ford also comes to mind. What emerges clearly is that Musk, who may or may not have Asperger’s syndrome (“Empathy did not come naturally”), has nurtured several obsessions for years, apart from a passion for the letter X as both a brand and personal name. He firmly believes that “all requirements should be treated as recommendations”; that it is his destiny to make humankind a multi-planetary civilization through innovations in space travel; that government is generally an impediment and that “the thought police are gaining power”; and that “a maniacal sense of urgency” should guide his businesses. That need for speed has led to undeniable successes in beating schedules and competitors, but it has also wrought disaster: One of the most telling anecdotes in the book concerns Musk’s “demon mode” order to relocate thousands of Twitter servers from Sacramento to Portland at breakneck speed, which trashed big parts of the system for months. To judge by Isaacson’s account, that may have been by design, for Musk’s idea of creative destruction seems to mean mostly chaos.
Alternately admiring and critical, unvarnished, and a closely detailed account of a troubled innovator.Pub Date: Sept. 12, 2023
ISBN: 9781982181284
Page Count: 688
Publisher: Simon & Schuster
Review Posted Online: Sept. 12, 2023
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Oct. 15, 2023
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