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RAKI

Over the past three decades Wongar's stories and novels (Gabo Djara, 1987, etc.) have been shaped by and focused on crimes against humanity. With myth-derived images, often surreal or grotesque, and melodic tributes to ancient tribal knowledge, he's cried out against the decimation and attempted de-culturization of Australia's Aboriginals. Here, the author, born Streten Bozic in Serbia (he includes a brief autobiographical introduction), parallels the plight of two peoples linked in agony: Serb peasants and the Aboriginals. ``Instead of `history' we have the word `ancestry,' '' writes the nameless prisoner who will escape at the close—as a dingo (a wild dog that, to the tribal people, is a reborn human soul). In Wongar's version of Serbia, trees, boulders, animals and birds, and unseen beings, as in Australia, hold the stories of a place and a people. The stories his Serbian characters tell one another concern the continuity of horror, stretching from the Ottoman invasion of the Middle Ages down to the arrival of the Nazis and their Croat allies. In Australia, the invaders are whites who would mine uranium, test nuclear bombs, and round up and contain the Aboriginals. Men are hunted down and shot; children are roped together and taken away while their horrified mothers watch. The scenes shift from deserts, prisons, and poor villages to chilling commentaries by overseers mulling the utilization of captive people—should they be laborers, should they be done away with, or should they be preserved as curios? Horrors and atrocities mount, while the Aboriginals' native-woven rope (raki) becomes a symbol of captivity, a noose strangling both peoples. Wongar even extends his criticism to the media, which he excoriates for ``maligning'' Serbs. (Certainly their tragic past cuts deep.) A harsh, hoarse, repetitive collage of voices, images of terror, and desperate struggles for life: a nagging plaint, perhaps, but occasionally as haunting as a dingo's howl.

Pub Date: Sept. 30, 1997

ISBN: 0-7145-3031-X

Page Count: 256

Publisher: Marion Boyars

Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Aug. 15, 1997

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THE ALCHEMIST

Coelho's placebo has racked up impressive sales in Brazil and Europe. Americans should flock to it like gulls.

Coelho is a Brazilian writer with four books to his credit. Following Diary of a Magus (1992—not reviewed) came this book, published in Brazil in 1988: it's an interdenominational, transcendental, inspirational fable—in other words, a bag of wind. 

 The story is about a youth empowered to follow his dream. Santiago is an Andalusian shepherd boy who learns through a dream of a treasure in the Egyptian pyramids. An old man, the king of Salem, the first of various spiritual guides, tells the boy that he has discovered his destiny: "to realize one's destiny is a person's only real obligation." So Santiago sells his sheep, sails to Tangier, is tricked out of his money, regains it through hard work, crosses the desert with a caravan, stops at an oasis long enough to fall in love, escapes from warring tribesmen by performing a miracle, reaches the pyramids, and eventually gets both the gold and the girl. Along the way he meets an Englishman who describes the Soul of the World; the desert woman Fatima, who teaches him the Language of the World; and an alchemist who says, "Listen to your heart" A message clings like ivy to every encounter; everyone, but everyone, has to put in their two cents' worth, from the crystal merchant to the camel driver ("concentrate always on the present, you'll be a happy man"). The absence of characterization and overall blandness suggest authorship by a committee of self-improvement pundits—a far cry from Saint- Exupery's The Little Prince: that flagship of the genre was a genuine charmer because it clearly derived from a quirky, individual sensibility. 

 Coelho's placebo has racked up impressive sales in Brazil and Europe. Americans should flock to it like gulls.

Pub Date: July 1, 1993

ISBN: 0-06-250217-4

Page Count: 192

Publisher: N/A

Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010

Kirkus Reviews Issue: May 1, 1993

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A LITTLE LIFE

The phrase “tour de force” could have been invented for this audacious novel.

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Four men who meet as college roommates move to New York and spend the next three decades gaining renown in their professions—as an architect, painter, actor and lawyer—and struggling with demons in their intertwined personal lives.

Yanagihara (The People in the Trees, 2013) takes the still-bold leap of writing about characters who don’t share her background; in addition to being male, JB is African-American, Malcolm has a black father and white mother, Willem is white, and “Jude’s race was undetermined”—deserted at birth, he was raised in a monastery and had an unspeakably traumatic childhood that’s revealed slowly over the course of the book. Two of them are gay, one straight and one bisexual. There isn’t a single significant female character, and for a long novel, there isn’t much plot. There aren’t even many markers of what’s happening in the outside world; Jude moves to a loft in SoHo as a young man, but we don’t see the neighborhood change from gritty artists’ enclave to glitzy tourist destination. What we get instead is an intensely interior look at the friends’ psyches and relationships, and it’s utterly enthralling. The four men think about work and creativity and success and failure; they cook for each other, compete with each other and jostle for each other’s affection. JB bases his entire artistic career on painting portraits of his friends, while Malcolm takes care of them by designing their apartments and houses. When Jude, as an adult, is adopted by his favorite Harvard law professor, his friends join him for Thanksgiving in Cambridge every year. And when Willem becomes a movie star, they all bask in his glow. Eventually, the tone darkens and the story narrows to focus on Jude as the pain of his past cuts deep into his carefully constructed life.  

The phrase “tour de force” could have been invented for this audacious novel.

Pub Date: March 10, 2015

ISBN: 978-0-385-53925-8

Page Count: 720

Publisher: Doubleday

Review Posted Online: Dec. 21, 2014

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 1, 2015

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