REEF LIFE

A leading ocean scientist examines the mostly bad news concerning the health of the world’s coral reefs in a blend of polemic and memoir.

Roberts, a winner of the Rachel Carson Award and the Mountbatten Award, has been a student of marine biology for more than four decades. “When I began my career as a marine biologist,” he writes, “we knew little about this hidden world.” About the object of his specialized study, he adds, “but as we have come to know coral reefs with ever greater intimacy, we have learned that this world is fragile and increasingly endangered, by us.” The author begins in 1982 with his explorations of the reefs of the Red Sea as a student surrounded by a motley collection of scientists, including a field manager Roberts describes as “a whip-thin bundle of nervous energy.” The oddball types are constants of the field, but knowledge of the oceans has increased considerably during the author’s career. As for the fish—well, he reveals that “an old ichthyological adage says that the average fish lives ten minutes, given the billions of eggs spawned and the miniscule number that make it to adulthood.” A healthy population of seaweed-munching fish is critically important to the health of a reef, and, all things being connected to all other things, the overfishing of reef dwellers means a decline in reefs. In the author’s words, “it is the high intensity of reef herbivory that keeps reefs coral-dominated.” Roberts examines failing reef systems such as those in the Caribbean and particularly the Great Barrier Reef off Australia. Can they be saved? Yes, answers the author, but only if we give up fossil fuels and “embrace renewables with great urgency,” which means that the answer is likely really no.

A charming, well-written introduction to coral-reef ecology and the scientists who uncover its mysteries.