ALL-AMERICAN MASSACRE

A collection of academic essays on the American penchant for mass shootings.

Americans commit a disproportionate number of mass shootings, far greater than other societies even where private gun ownership is permitted, such as India and Switzerland. The contributors to this volume, edited by criminal justice professors Madfis and Lankford, seek to understand what elements in American society fuel this murderous streak—which, as one notes, has only grown in recent years, at least in some measure because of the widespread availability of not just guns, but also large capacity magazines. Banning those “may prove a more effective intervention for mass shootings than restrictions on assault weapons.” Whereas it is a popular trope among gun advocates that mental illness is the real issue, as criminologists Jillian Peterson and James Densley write, its symptoms are likely less important than other indicators, such as “stress, unemployment, relationship struggles, violence, and trauma.” Besides, they add, only 5% of violent crimes are committed by “people with serious mental illness.” So who are the shooters? As several contributors provide data points to show, they are often White males who are sexually insecure, have likely been ridiculed or bullied, and have easy access to weapons. Older mass shooters tend to hold White supremacist beliefs, while younger ones are more likely not to be particularly ideological. Whereas “three overlapping groups—gun owners, Republicans, and conservatives” insist that there’s nothing that can be done to stop mass shootings, several of the authors suggest that this isn’t so. For instance, reforming an educational system that reinforces social isolation, bullying, and untreated trauma might “lead the way to a less violent society with far fewer mass shootings and other pathologies.” More immediately, and predictably, many contributors call for stronger measures to restrict the availability of military-grade weapons to civilian buyers.

A useful work of scholarship in documenting American lethality.