A timely appeal for radical change.
The noted philanthropist diagnoses threats to liberal democracy.
Wealthy financier Soros (The Tragedy of the European Union: Disintegration or Revival?, 2014, etc.), founder of the Open Society Foundations, gathers a selection of recent articles, speeches, and book excerpts offering an impassioned analysis of what he considers the most pressing political, social, and economic problems. The author has devoted vigorous efforts and considerable funds to support what he calls political philanthropy: the influx of money and expertise aimed at making the world “a better place.” At first focused on developing nations, he now assigns more than half of his foundations’ budget to the U.S. and Europe, where he believes the “democratic achievements of the past” are being undermined. Among the threats he cited in a 2018 speech at the World Economic Forum are North Korea, climate change, the lack of a functioning two-party system in the U.S., artificial intelligence and social media as tools for social control, extremist ideologies, and repressive regimes in Europe and China. He is concerned, as well, about attacks on the European Union, conceding that the EU, governed by outdated treaties, “needs to be radically reinvented” through “a collaborative effort that combines the top-down approach of the European institutions with the bottom-up initiatives that are necessary to engage the electorate.” Three issues loom as especially problematic for the EU: the refugee crisis, “territorial disintegration as exemplified by Brexit,” and the need to address economic growth. Soros recounts the difficulties he faced in establishing Central European University to promote academic freedom. A final chapter explicates his economic theory, “radically different from orthodox economics”; although revised from an earlier article, it is still somewhat confusing. Characterizing himself as “admittedly selfish and self-centered,” an egocentric philanthropist in love with his own ideas, Soros admits to finding pleasure in altruism. “I no longer see any reason to feel ashamed of having such a large ego,” he writes, “because it turned out to be beneficial both to me and to many others.”
A timely appeal for radical change.Pub Date: Oct. 22, 2019
ISBN: 978-1-5417-3670-2
Page Count: 224
Publisher: PublicAffairs
Review Posted Online: Aug. 27, 2019
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 15, 2019
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
For Howard Zinn, long-time civil rights and anti-war activist, history and ideology have a lot in common. Since he thinks that everything is in someone's interest, the historian—Zinn posits—has to figure out whose interests he or she is defining/defending/reconstructing (hence one of his previous books, The Politics of History). Zinn has no doubts about where he stands in this "people's history": "it is a history disrespectful of governments and respectful of people's movements of resistance." So what we get here, instead of the usual survey of wars, presidents, and institutions, is a survey of the usual rebellions, strikes, and protest movements. Zinn starts out by depicting the arrival of Columbus in North America from the standpoint of the Indians (which amounts to their standpoint as constructed from the observations of the Europeans); and, after easily establishing the cultural disharmony that ensued, he goes on to the importation of slaves into the colonies. Add the laborers and indentured servants that followed, plus women and later immigrants, and you have Zinn's amorphous constituency. To hear Zinn tell it, all anyone did in America at any time was to oppress or be oppressed; and so he obscures as much as his hated mainstream historical foes do—only in Zinn's case there is that absurd presumption that virtually everything that came to pass was the work of ruling-class planning: this amounts to one great indictment for conspiracy. Despite surface similarities, this is not a social history, since we get no sense of the fabric of life. Instead of negating the one-sided histories he detests, Zinn has merely reversed the image; the distortion remains.
Pub Date: Jan. 1, 1979
ISBN: 0061965588
Page Count: 772
Publisher: Harper & Row
Review Posted Online: May 26, 2012
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 1, 1979
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
The value of this book is the context it provides, in a style aimed at a concerned citizenry rather than fellow academics,...
A provocative analysis of the parallels between Donald Trump’s ascent and the fall of other democracies.
Following the last presidential election, Levitsky (Transforming Labor-Based Parties in Latin America, 2003, etc.) and Ziblatt (Conservative Parties and the Birth of Democracy, 2017, etc.), both professors of government at Harvard, wrote an op-ed column titled, “Is Donald Trump a Threat to Democracy?” The answer here is a resounding yes, though, as in that column, the authors underscore their belief that the crisis extends well beyond the power won by an outsider whom they consider a demagogue and a liar. “Donald Trump may have accelerated the process, but he didn’t cause it,” they write of the politics-as-warfare mentality. “The weakening of our democratic norms is rooted in extreme partisan polarization—one that extends beyond policy differences into an existential conflict over race and culture.” The authors fault the Republican establishment for failing to stand up to Trump, even if that meant electing his opponent, and they seem almost wistfully nostalgic for the days when power brokers in smoke-filled rooms kept candidacies restricted to a club whose members knew how to play by the rules. Those supporting the candidacy of Bernie Sanders might take as much issue with their prescriptions as Trump followers will. However, the comparisons they draw to how democratic populism paved the way toward tyranny in Peru, Venezuela, Chile, and elsewhere are chilling. Among the warning signs they highlight are the Republican Senate’s refusal to consider Barack Obama’s Supreme Court nominee as well as Trump’s demonization of political opponents, minorities, and the media. As disturbing as they find the dismantling of Democratic safeguards, Levitsky and Ziblatt suggest that “a broad opposition coalition would have important benefits,” though such a coalition would strike some as a move to the center, a return to politics as usual, and even a pragmatic betrayal of principles.
The value of this book is the context it provides, in a style aimed at a concerned citizenry rather than fellow academics, rather than in the consensus it is not likely to build.Pub Date: Jan. 16, 2018
ISBN: 978-1-5247-6293-3
Page Count: 320
Publisher: Crown
Review Posted Online: Nov. 12, 2017
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Dec. 1, 2017
BOOK REVIEW
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