SILENT CAVALRY

A fresh history of an unknown corner of the Civil War.

During the war, many southerners sided with the Union and joined the bluecoat army; whole counties seceded from their parent states and declared themselves to be part of the U.S. The First Alabama Cavalry was formed with men from hilly northern Alabama, and especially the “Free State of Winston.” They fought from the Battle of Shiloh to the end of the war, participating in Sherman’s March to the Sea and the siege of Atlanta and taking heavy losses. According to Pulitzer Prize winner Raines, the former executive editor of the New York Times, its obscurity is by design, a product of the Lost Cause myth. The champions of that myth, whose history Raines carefully traces, took great pains to erase any hint that the Civil War had anything to do with slavery and instead insisted that secession was a reaction to federal overreach. That commonly held revisionist view would have come as news in Winston County, which, not coincidentally, had the fewest enslaved residents in the entire state. “In general,” writes Raines, “these upland southerners shared the attitude of President Andrew Jackson that the Union was too important to be dissolved over slavery, and that no state had a right to withdraw unilaterally.” A network of Southern historians from Reconstruction onward erased such dissenters and their resistance from memory; Raines finds evidence in the very archives of the state, one of the central sites where “Alabama scholars expended thousands of hours in denial.” The book is rich in information and implication, if repetitive and overlong. Still, it’s a hoot to watch Raines dismantle Shelby Foote, “the wily Mississippian,” and shred one Confederate—and now neo-Confederate—lie after another.

A much-needed addition to the demythologizing literature of the Civil War.