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BRAZIL RED

Sprawling and slow, of interest mainly to those with a knowledge of the arcane history of French colonization.

Rufin’s third (The Siege of Isfahan, 2001, etc.) is based on the French colonization of Brazil, which inspired Montaigne’s essay “On Cannibalism” and his “myth of the noble savage.”

In 1555, Just and Colombe, orphaned brother and sister, are sent on an expedition to Brazil because it’s believed that they, being children, will learn the natives’ language quickly and become translators or “go-betweens.” The two think they’re setting sail to find their father, a heroic fighter named Clamorgan. Onboard ship, Colombe becomes “Colin” and is treated as a boy, while Just starts fighting and is locked in the brig. Colombe appeals to the expedition’s leader, Admiral Villegagnon, who, it turns out, knew their father and appoints Colombe and Just his aides-de-camp. When the expedition reaches Guanabara Bay (named Rio de Janeiro by the Portuguese 50 years before), it is met by a Norman go-between who has settled among the cannibalistic Indians and is eager to provide the new settlers with alcohol and women. But Villegagnon soon sets strict rules—no more alcohol, women and men must be married—which lead to revolt. Colombe, to learn the language, is sent into Indian land, where the women recognize her sex and introduce her to their customs. She’s drawn to their sensuality and spirituality. Villegagnon invites disciples of Calvin to bring marriageable young women to colonize this area of Brazil, hoping to fend off the Portuguese. But the Huguenots, when they arrive, are even stricter than the Catholics. The two factions split, the Huguenots head back to Europe, and the stage is set for the War of Religions, which breaks out on Villegagnon’s return to France. In Brazil, Just stays on as governor of “Antarctic France,” and Colombe, who continues to build her relationships with the Indians, becomes the successor to their revered European leader, Pai-Lo.

Sprawling and slow, of interest mainly to those with a knowledge of the arcane history of French colonization.

Pub Date: Sept. 1, 2004

ISBN: 0-393-05207-9

Page Count: 448

Publisher: Norton

Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010

Kirkus Reviews Issue: July 1, 2004

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THE HANDMAID'S TALE

Tinny perhaps, but still a minutely rendered and impressively steady feminist vision of apocalypse.

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The time is the not-so-distant future, when the US's spiraling social freedoms have finally called down a reaction, an Iranian-style repressive "monotheocracy" calling itself the Republic of Gilead—a Bible-thumping, racist, capital-punishing, and misogynistic rule that would do away with pleasure altogether were it not for one thing: that the Gileadan women, pure and true (as opposed to all the nonbelieving women, those who've ever been adulterous or married more than once), are found rarely fertile.

Thus are drafted a whole class of "handmaids," whose function is to bear the children of the elite, to be fecund or else (else being certain death, sent out to be toxic-waste removers on outlying islands). The narrative frame for Atwood's dystopian vision is the hopeless private testimony of one of these surrogate mothers, Offred ("of" plus the name of her male protector). Lying cradled by the body of the barren wife, being meanwhile serviced by the husband, Offred's "ceremony" must be successful—if she does not want to join the ranks of the other disappeared (which include her mother, her husband—dead—and small daughter, all taken away during the years of revolt). One Of her only human conduits is a gradually developing affair with her master's chauffeur—something that's balanced more than offset, though, by the master's hypocritically un-Puritan use of her as a kind of B-girl at private parties held by the ruling men in a spirit of nostalgia and lust. This latter relationship, edging into real need (the master's), is very effectively done; it highlights the handmaid's (read Everywoman's) eternal exploitation, profane or sacred ("We are two-legged wombs, that's all: sacred vessels, ambulatory chalices"). Atwood, to her credit, creates a chillingly specific, imaginable night-mare. The book is short on characterization—this is Atwood, never a warm writer, at her steeliest—and long on cynicism—it's got none of the human credibility of a work such as Walker Percy's Love In The Ruins. But the scariness is visceral, a world that's like a dangerous and even fatal grid, an electrified fence.

Tinny perhaps, but still a minutely rendered and impressively steady feminist vision of apocalypse.

Pub Date: Feb. 17, 1985

ISBN: 038549081X

Page Count: -

Publisher: Houghton Mifflin

Review Posted Online: Sept. 16, 2011

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 15, 1985

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ANIMAL FARM

A FAIRY STORY

A modern day fable, with modern implications in a deceiving simplicity, by the author of Dickens. Dali and Others (Reynal & Hitchcock, p. 138), whose critical brilliance is well adapted to this type of satire. This tells of the revolt on a farm, against humans, when the pigs take over the intellectual superiority, training the horses, cows, sheep, etc., into acknowledging their greatness. The first hints come with the reading out of a pig who instigated the building of a windmill, so that the electric power would be theirs, the idea taken over by Napoleon who becomes topman with no maybes about it. Napoleon trains the young puppies to be his guards, dickers with humans, gradually instigates a reign of terror, and breaks the final commandment against any animal walking on two legs. The old faithful followers find themselves no better off for food and work than they were when man ruled them, learn their final disgrace when they see Napoleon and Squealer carousing with their enemies... A basic statement of the evils of dictatorship in that it not only corrupts the leaders, but deadens the intelligence and awareness of those led so that tyranny is inevitable. Mr. Orwell's animals exist in their own right, with a narrative as individual as it is apt in political parody.

Pub Date: Aug. 26, 1946

ISBN: 0452277507

Page Count: 114

Publisher: Harcourt, Brace

Review Posted Online: Nov. 2, 2011

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Aug. 1, 1946

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