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ADAM SMITH

FATHER OF ECONOMICS

It’s hard to imagine an American politician writing with the same depth and grasp of an inordinately complex subject, but...

Parliamentarian Norman (Edmund Burke: The First Conservative, 2015, etc.) enlists Adam Smith (1723-1790) and the Scottish Enlightenment in the cause of moral capitalism.

Having written of Edmund Burke as an intellectual founder of modern conservatism, the author now reckons with Smith, the great Scottish student of markets and consumer behavior. What are those markets, and what are they for? As the author notes, we don’t ask the right questions “about norms and culture and the role of the state.” Above all, the market assumes trust and consent: It cannot function well if those who are engaged in it do not trust one another and willingly enter into exchange, which, of course, is a problem in a market stained by crony and predatory stripes of capitalism, the capitalism that “flourishes where companies and markets lose their connection to the public good.” Following Smith, who wrote of the “moral sentiment” that underlies our supposedly self-interested interactions in the marketplace, Norman holds that while a free market should indeed be free, that does not mean that it should not be regulated. The playing field should be level, the barriers to entry uniform, the market a place not just of exchange, but also a moral community that hinges “on people who are not merely legally free but free in the full exercise of their capabilities.” Markets, he adds in what will be anathema to libertarians, are often improved by state intervention, especially of the sort that keeps insiders from ripping off outsiders. Following Smith again, he even endorses paying one’s taxes, though taxes must be used to public good, for “inefficient taxes increase bureaucracy, undermine the incentive to the productive, encourage smuggling and create vexation.”

It’s hard to imagine an American politician writing with the same depth and grasp of an inordinately complex subject, but Norman pulls it off quite capably. A worthy addition to the literature surrounding Smith and that of modern conservative thought.

Pub Date: Sept. 11, 2018

ISBN: 978-0-465-06197-6

Page Count: 416

Publisher: Basic Books

Review Posted Online: July 1, 2018

Kirkus Reviews Issue: July 15, 2018

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NIGHT

The author's youthfulness helps to assure the inevitable comparison with the Anne Frank diary although over and above the...

Elie Wiesel spent his early years in a small Transylvanian town as one of four children. 

He was the only one of the family to survive what Francois Maurois, in his introduction, calls the "human holocaust" of the persecution of the Jews, which began with the restrictions, the singularization of the yellow star, the enclosure within the ghetto, and went on to the mass deportations to the ovens of Auschwitz and Buchenwald. There are unforgettable and horrifying scenes here in this spare and sombre memoir of this experience of the hanging of a child, of his first farewell with his father who leaves him an inheritance of a knife and a spoon, and of his last goodbye at Buchenwald his father's corpse is already cold let alone the long months of survival under unconscionable conditions. 

The author's youthfulness helps to assure the inevitable comparison with the Anne Frank diary although over and above the sphere of suffering shared, and in this case extended to the death march itself, there is no spiritual or emotional legacy here to offset any reader reluctance.

Pub Date: Jan. 16, 2006

ISBN: 0374500010

Page Count: 120

Publisher: Hill & Wang

Review Posted Online: Oct. 7, 2011

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 15, 2006

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THE PURSUIT OF HAPPYNESS

FROM MEAN STREETS TO WALL STREET

Well-told and admonitory.

Young-rags-to-mature-riches memoir by broker and motivational speaker Gardner.

Born and raised in the Milwaukee ghetto, the author pulled himself up from considerable disadvantage. He was fatherless, and his adored mother wasn’t always around; once, as a child, he spied her at a family funeral accompanied by a prison guard. When beautiful, evanescent Moms was there, Chris also had to deal with Freddie “I ain’t your goddamn daddy!” Triplett, one of the meanest stepfathers in recent literature. Chris did “the dozens” with the homies, boosted a bit and in the course of youthful adventure was raped. His heroes were Miles Davis, James Brown and Muhammad Ali. Meanwhile, at the behest of Moms, he developed a fondness for reading. He joined the Navy and became a medic (preparing badass Marines for proctology), and a proficient lab technician. Moving up in San Francisco, married and then divorced, he sold medical supplies. He was recruited as a trainee at Dean Witter just around the time he became a homeless single father. All his belongings in a shopping cart, Gardner sometimes slept with his young son at the office (apparently undiscovered by the night cleaning crew). The two also frequently bedded down in a public restroom. After Gardner’s talents were finally appreciated by the firm of Bear Stearns, his American Dream became real. He got the cool duds, hot car and fine ladies so coveted from afar back in the day. He even had a meeting with Nelson Mandela. Through it all, he remained a prideful parent. His own no-daddy blues are gone now.

Well-told and admonitory.

Pub Date: June 1, 2006

ISBN: 0-06-074486-3

Page Count: 320

Publisher: Amistad/HarperCollins

Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010

Kirkus Reviews Issue: March 15, 2006

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