PUTIN'S TROLLS

Timely exposé of Russia’s vast disinformation campaign from a Finnish journalist persecuted for her persistent reporting of its brazen abuses.

In this important, firsthand account of Russian malfeasance, Aro shows how she has suffered personally and professionally during her diligent quest to expose the rampant social media incursions orchestrated by Putin and his minions. Her work is especially telling in terms of Russia’s first invasion of Ukraine in 2014 and implementation of its online “troll factory,” which meddled significantly in the 2016 U.S. presidential election. Though the author had experience reporting on right-wing and extremist groups, “it wasn’t until I began examining the Kremlin’s tools of international information warfare that a hate campaign was launched against me.” She uncovered Russian cyberattacks as early as 2008, during the two-week war between Russia and Georgia. Years later, she interviewed Andrei Illarionov, one of Putin’s former aides, who provided useful, disturbing information about Russia’s deployment of psychological warfare in Ukraine. The author also reported on a well-known troll factory in St. Petersburg in 2013. Throughout this book, Aro reveals the mechanics of Russia’s insidious nonmilitary tactics and widespread propaganda targeted at civilians—strategies used decades before in both Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union to gain control over the minds of citizens. Due to her intrepid investigations, the author was forced to leave her home country of Finland in 2017. Though many Western media outlets failed to provide adequate protection, in 2019, the U.S. Department of State gave her the International Women of Courage Award—before rescinding it due to her criticism of Donald Trump. Although parts of the narrative may be overly detailed for general readers, the author is to be commended for both her journalism and for her creation of a damning portrait of Putin and his autocratic, manipulative regime.

As Russia continues to threaten Ukraine in hybrid warfare, Aro provides an extremely valuable lesson.