A handsome addition to the author’s tapestry of his Massachusetts purlieus, by now as closely observed as Gilbert White’s...
Another artful piece of creative nonfiction from Mitchell (Following the Sun, 2002, etc.) rediscovers the life of a multitalented African-American assistant.
While researching a book on the New England landscape, the author uncovered in the attic of an old farmhouse a trove of glass negatives from the early 1900s. At first he thought ornithologist and conservationist William Brewster had taken them, but Mitchell came to understand that many of the photos were produced by Robert Alexander Gilbert, who worked with Brewster for many years. In prose as smoothly cadenced as the Concord River so frequently depicted in those images, Mitchell takes readers along on his odyssey to learn more about the man who was Brewster’s inseparable amanuensis. A man of sure bearing and an ardent piano player, Gilbert was inspired by the writings of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois, but perhaps more closely followed the Emersonian ideal of the upright individual. His lonely courage saw him through all the adversities black people experienced at the turn of the 20th century. Polymath Gilbert is just the kind of character suited to Mitchell’s temperament, allowing him to ramble afield and digress into ruminations on such matters as the nature of photography, whose invention made it possible “to use existing light to halt the linear flow of time and pluck a discontinuity from an otherwise continuous flow of events.” The author also traces the origins of American ornithological concerns (in which both Brewster and Gilbert figured, the latter as a shadow player), looks into the history of Harvard’s Museum of Comparative Zoology (where Gilbert worked) and travels to Paris, where Gilbert landed after a failed attempt to market his shoe polish. In other words, this particular life story keeps Mitchell’s restless curiosity well exercised.
A handsome addition to the author’s tapestry of his Massachusetts purlieus, by now as closely observed as Gilbert White’s Selborne. (Photos throughout)Pub Date: Feb. 1, 2005
ISBN: 1-59376-026-4
Page Count: 288
Publisher: Shoemaker & Hoard
Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Dec. 15, 2004
For Howard Zinn, long-time civil rights and anti-war activist, history and ideology have a lot in common. Since he thinks that everything is in someone's interest, the historian—Zinn posits—has to figure out whose interests he or she is defining/defending/reconstructing (hence one of his previous books, The Politics of History). Zinn has no doubts about where he stands in this "people's history": "it is a history disrespectful of governments and respectful of people's movements of resistance." So what we get here, instead of the usual survey of wars, presidents, and institutions, is a survey of the usual rebellions, strikes, and protest movements. Zinn starts out by depicting the arrival of Columbus in North America from the standpoint of the Indians (which amounts to their standpoint as constructed from the observations of the Europeans); and, after easily establishing the cultural disharmony that ensued, he goes on to the importation of slaves into the colonies. Add the laborers and indentured servants that followed, plus women and later immigrants, and you have Zinn's amorphous constituency. To hear Zinn tell it, all anyone did in America at any time was to oppress or be oppressed; and so he obscures as much as his hated mainstream historical foes do—only in Zinn's case there is that absurd presumption that virtually everything that came to pass was the work of ruling-class planning: this amounts to one great indictment for conspiracy. Despite surface similarities, this is not a social history, since we get no sense of the fabric of life. Instead of negating the one-sided histories he detests, Zinn has merely reversed the image; the distortion remains.
Pub Date: Jan. 1, 1979
ISBN: 0061965588
Page Count: 772
Publisher: Harper & Row
Review Posted Online: May 26, 2012
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 1, 1979
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
Occasionally wonky but overall a good case for how the dismal science can make the world less—well, dismal.
“Quality of life means more than just consumption”: Two MIT economists urge that a smarter, more politically aware economics be brought to bear on social issues.
It’s no secret, write Banerjee and Duflo (co-authors: Poor Economics: A Radical Rethinking of the Way To Fight Global Poverty, 2011), that “we seem to have fallen on hard times.” Immigration, trade, inequality, and taxation problems present themselves daily, and they seem to be intractable. Economics can be put to use in figuring out these big-issue questions. Data can be adduced, for example, to answer the question of whether immigration tends to suppress wages. The answer: “There is no evidence low-skilled migration to rich countries drives wage and employment down for the natives.” In fact, it opens up opportunities for those natives by freeing them to look for better work. The problem becomes thornier when it comes to the matter of free trade; as the authors observe, “left-behind people live in left-behind places,” which explains why regional poverty descended on Appalachia when so many manufacturing jobs left for China in the age of globalism, leaving behind not just left-behind people but also people ripe for exploitation by nationalist politicians. The authors add, interestingly, that the same thing occurred in parts of Germany, Spain, and Norway that fell victim to the “China shock.” In what they call a “slightly technical aside,” they build a case for addressing trade issues not with trade wars but with consumption taxes: “It makes no sense to ask agricultural workers to lose their jobs just so steelworkers can keep theirs, which is what tariffs accomplish.” Policymakers might want to consider such counsel, especially when it is coupled with the observation that free trade benefits workers in poor countries but punishes workers in rich ones.
Occasionally wonky but overall a good case for how the dismal science can make the world less—well, dismal.Pub Date: Nov. 12, 2019
ISBN: 978-1-61039-950-0
Page Count: 432
Publisher: PublicAffairs
Review Posted Online: Aug. 28, 2019
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 15, 2019
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