A provocative and well-considered argument stressing the necessity of maintaining the sanctity of hard-won liberties.
A spirited defense of the political and civil rights that Americans enjoy—and that are constantly being chipped away.
In the middle of the pandemic in July 2020, a nationwide poll showed that 71% of Americans believed that “Americans have more in common than many people think.” By May 2021, that figure was 88%, a stunning supermajority. What holds these Americans together, maintain the authors, faculty members at Harvard’s Carr Center for Human Rights Policy, is our portfolio of rights, constitutional and agreed-upon and even some that we haven’t figured out yet. On the last point, the authors reveal that most Americans hold generous—liberal, even—views on the rights of immigrants, to say nothing of police reform, equal rights for minorities, and the like. The fundamental right is the right to vote, and that is precisely the one that the authors hold is most endangered by the rise of neo-authoritarian attempts to disenfranchise voters, “a direct assault on the voting rights of the electoral majority that had defeated [Trump].” Though the authors try not to evoke the former president too often, they lay many assaults on rights at the door of the previous administration, including the unstated right to have a civil conversation about politics without incorporating that administration’s “vast official landscape of disinformation and misinformation.” Though the authors add that “ideological tension is a foundation of a healthy democracy,” so, too, is a shared standard of objective truth. But the authors show how few institutions are invested in teaching people how to distinguish fact from lie. On that note, they conclude, perhaps controversially, that federal legislation should be enacted to regulate social media and “require algorithms to be used safely and responsibly to promote freedom of speech and protect against racial, gender, religious, disability, or LGBTQ discrimination.”
A provocative and well-considered argument stressing the necessity of maintaining the sanctity of hard-won liberties.Pub Date: April 26, 2022
ISBN: 978-1-62097-724-8
Page Count: 464
Publisher: The New Press
Review Posted Online: Jan. 10, 2022
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Feb. 1, 2022
A short, smart analysis of perhaps the most famous passage in American history reveals its potency and unfulfilled promise.
Words that made a nation.
Isaacson is known for expansive biographies of great thinkers (and Elon Musk), but here he pens a succinct, stimulating commentary on the Founding Fathers’ ode to “life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.” His close reading of the Declaration of Independence’s second sentence, published to mark the 250th anniversary of the document’s adoption, doesn’t downplay its “moral contradiction.” Thomas Jefferson enslaved hundreds of people yet called slavery “a cruel war against human nature” in his first draft of the Declaration. All but 15 of the document’s 56 signers owned enslaved people. While the sentence in question asserted “all men are created equal” and possess “unalienable rights,” the Founders “consciously and intentionally” excluded women, Native Americans, and enslaved people. And yet the sentence is powerful, Isaacson writes, because it names a young nation’s “aspirations.” He mounts a solid defense of what ought to be shared goals, among them economic fairness, “moral compassion,” and a willingness to compromise. “Democracy depends on this,” he writes. Isaacson is excellent when explaining how Enlightenment intellectuals abroad influenced the founders. Benjamin Franklin, one of the Declaration’s “five-person drafting committee,” stayed in David Hume’s home for a month in the early 1770s, “discussing ideas of natural rights” with the Scottish philosopher. Also strong is Isaacson’s discussion of the “edits and tweaks” made to Jefferson’s draft. As recommended by Franklin and others, the changes were substantial, leaving Jefferson “distraught.” Franklin, who emerges as the book’s hero, helped establish municipal services, founded a library, and encouraged religious diversity—the kind of civic-mindedness that we could use more of today, Isaacson reminds us.
A short, smart analysis of perhaps the most famous passage in American history reveals its potency and unfulfilled promise.Pub Date: Nov. 18, 2025
ISBN: 9781982181314
Page Count: 80
Publisher: Simon & Schuster
Review Posted Online: Aug. 29, 2025
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Oct. 1, 2025
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SEEN & HEARD
For Howard Zinn, long-time civil rights and anti-war activist, history and ideology have a lot in common. Since he thinks that everything is in someone's interest, the historian—Zinn posits—has to figure out whose interests he or she is defining/defending/reconstructing (hence one of his previous books, The Politics of History). Zinn has no doubts about where he stands in this "people's history": "it is a history disrespectful of governments and respectful of people's movements of resistance." So what we get here, instead of the usual survey of wars, presidents, and institutions, is a survey of the usual rebellions, strikes, and protest movements. Zinn starts out by depicting the arrival of Columbus in North America from the standpoint of the Indians (which amounts to their standpoint as constructed from the observations of the Europeans); and, after easily establishing the cultural disharmony that ensued, he goes on to the importation of slaves into the colonies. Add the laborers and indentured servants that followed, plus women and later immigrants, and you have Zinn's amorphous constituency. To hear Zinn tell it, all anyone did in America at any time was to oppress or be oppressed; and so he obscures as much as his hated mainstream historical foes do—only in Zinn's case there is that absurd presumption that virtually everything that came to pass was the work of ruling-class planning: this amounts to one great indictment for conspiracy. Despite surface similarities, this is not a social history, since we get no sense of the fabric of life. Instead of negating the one-sided histories he detests, Zinn has merely reversed the image; the distortion remains.
Pub Date: Jan. 1, 1979
ISBN: 0061965588
Page Count: 772
Publisher: Harper & Row
Review Posted Online: May 26, 2012
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 1, 1979
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