Readable and provocative, though with a decidedly conservative cast.
A careful, sharp-edged study of warfare by other means.
Terrorism, writes British historian Burleigh (Sacred Causes: The Clash of Religion and Politics from the Great War to the War on Terror, 2007, etc.), is “a tactic primarily used by non-state actors…to create a psychological climate of fear in order to compensate for the legitimate political power they do not possess.” In what is likely to incite at least a little controversy, the author locates the origins of terrorism not in the Assassin cult of medieval Syria or the Gunpowder Plot of 1605, but instead in the Fenian movement of the mid-19th century, when Irish dissidents rose up against England and its presumed allies on three continents. The Fenians were thwarted by combined actions undertaken by the U.S. and British governments, but not before causing plenty of disorder and mayhem. The same was so of the nihilists of Russia, who, like contemporary anarchists elsewhere in Europe, tossed dynamite at the police and the ruling class—many of those dynamiters, Burleigh notes, were young upper-class women à la Patty Hearst. The author adds that the anarchist bombers caused exaggerated panic that “served to discredit political philosophies whose libertarian impulses might otherwise strike some as praiseworthy.” Less exalted, to most modern sensibilities, are the aims of the modern terrorists to whom Burleigh devotes the lion’s share of the book, foremost among them the Islamists. The context of jihadist terrorism, he notes, is fairly young, traced to an outburst of fundamentalist zealotry 30 years ago and marked by parallel movements in other monotheistic faiths, though “without the same violent effects.” Burleigh is no relativist, and he has pointed words for anyone who is, becoming quite like Pat Buchanan in the concluding pages—save that Burleigh looks to the politicians of Australia, and not Northern Virginia, to argue “that there are lines in the sand...which are not going to be crossed.”
Readable and provocative, though with a decidedly conservative cast.Pub Date: March 3, 2009
ISBN: 978-0-06-117385-1
Page Count: 592
Publisher: Harper/HarperCollins
Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 1, 2009
For Howard Zinn, long-time civil rights and anti-war activist, history and ideology have a lot in common. Since he thinks that everything is in someone's interest, the historian—Zinn posits—has to figure out whose interests he or she is defining/defending/reconstructing (hence one of his previous books, The Politics of History). Zinn has no doubts about where he stands in this "people's history": "it is a history disrespectful of governments and respectful of people's movements of resistance." So what we get here, instead of the usual survey of wars, presidents, and institutions, is a survey of the usual rebellions, strikes, and protest movements. Zinn starts out by depicting the arrival of Columbus in North America from the standpoint of the Indians (which amounts to their standpoint as constructed from the observations of the Europeans); and, after easily establishing the cultural disharmony that ensued, he goes on to the importation of slaves into the colonies. Add the laborers and indentured servants that followed, plus women and later immigrants, and you have Zinn's amorphous constituency. To hear Zinn tell it, all anyone did in America at any time was to oppress or be oppressed; and so he obscures as much as his hated mainstream historical foes do—only in Zinn's case there is that absurd presumption that virtually everything that came to pass was the work of ruling-class planning: this amounts to one great indictment for conspiracy. Despite surface similarities, this is not a social history, since we get no sense of the fabric of life. Instead of negating the one-sided histories he detests, Zinn has merely reversed the image; the distortion remains.
Pub Date: Jan. 1, 1979
ISBN: 0061965588
Page Count: 772
Publisher: Harper & Row
Review Posted Online: May 26, 2012
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 1, 1979
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
A moving meditation on mortality by a gifted writer whose dual perspectives of physician and patient provide a singular...
A neurosurgeon with a passion for literature tragically finds his perfect subject after his diagnosis of terminal lung cancer.
Writing isn’t brain surgery, but it’s rare when someone adept at the latter is also so accomplished at the former. Searching for meaning and purpose in his life, Kalanithi pursued a doctorate in literature and had felt certain that he wouldn’t enter the field of medicine, in which his father and other members of his family excelled. “But I couldn’t let go of the question,” he writes, after realizing that his goals “didn’t quite fit in an English department.” “Where did biology, morality, literature and philosophy intersect?” So he decided to set aside his doctoral dissertation and belatedly prepare for medical school, which “would allow me a chance to find answers that are not in books, to find a different sort of sublime, to forge relationships with the suffering, and to keep following the question of what makes human life meaningful, even in the face of death and decay.” The author’s empathy undoubtedly made him an exceptional doctor, and the precision of his prose—as well as the moral purpose underscoring it—suggests that he could have written a good book on any subject he chose. Part of what makes this book so essential is the fact that it was written under a death sentence following the diagnosis that upended his life, just as he was preparing to end his residency and attract offers at the top of his profession. Kalanithi learned he might have 10 years to live or perhaps five. Should he return to neurosurgery (he could and did), or should he write (he also did)? Should he and his wife have a baby? They did, eight months before he died, which was less than two years after the original diagnosis. “The fact of death is unsettling,” he understates. “Yet there is no other way to live.”
A moving meditation on mortality by a gifted writer whose dual perspectives of physician and patient provide a singular clarity.Pub Date: Jan. 19, 2016
ISBN: 978-0-8129-8840-6
Page Count: 248
Publisher: Random House
Review Posted Online: Sept. 29, 2015
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Oct. 15, 2015
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