WALK THE WALK

A former police officer sociologist examines reform through the lens of three departments and their farsighted leaders.

Gross, the author of Why Are Professors Liberal and Why Do Conservatives Care?, opens with a description of a traffic stop from his days as a Berkeley police officer. Such stops, trainers tell officer candidates, are dangerous even if for minor infractions: “you might pull over someone with a felony warrant…or a guy with anger issues looking for a fight.” All too often, the suspect is Black or brown, the officer White, and the situation ambiguous. Fortunately, the author’s episode ended without bloodshed. But he wonders if he had undertaken “de-escalation training” and had used a calmer tone, if it might have gone better still. It’s that intention to create calmer encounters that motivates police reform efforts in three communities in California, Colorado, and Georgia, with chiefs who understand that doing better is a mandate that begins at the top. “Not to put too fine a point on it,” Gross writes, “but some cops are assholes,” incapable of reining in aggression. Yet a friendly approach usually defuses potentially explosive situations. Other efforts include hiring more minority officers, who are less likely to use force and to enforce minor infractions, as well as enlisting minority communities to help formulate policies. Revised policies that limit armed response have led to demonstrably lower death rates. In the case of Longmont, Colorado, its chief’s directives “prioritized humaneness and social responsibility.” Gross points out that finding decent officers is a challenge: Not many people want careers in law enforcement, and “risk-averse mayors or city managers” often install leaders who don’t rock the boat—and don’t last long. As Gross shows, more work is needed, but his case studies constitute a step in the right direction.

A conversation-provoking look at the real world of police work and ways to make it better for all concerned.