A work that one wishes would dig much deeper.
A senior fellow at the Institute of Global Affairs at the London School of Economics parses the ramifications and perplexity of today’s “disinformation” wars.
Pomerantsev (Nothing Is True and Everything Is Possible: The Surreal Heart of the New Russia, 2015) offers a singular perspective on the new forms of influence campaigns promulgated on social media and the internet by mysterious entities worldwide. “We live in a world…where the means of manipulation have gone forth and multiplied,” he writes, “a world of dark ads, psy-ops, hacks, bots, soft facts, fake news, deep fakes, brainwashing, trolls, ISIS, Putin, Trump.” The author is the child of dissident writers pursued for years by the KGB for their outspokenness. For his parents, the words “freedom” and “democracy” were not empty husks. Pomerantsev alternates his family’s personal saga with his journalistic sifting through the “wreckage” of the last few years’ information campaigns to find how the “meaning of freedom of speech [was flipped] on its head to crush dissent.” For example, he begins by tracking the disinformation campaign that led to the presidency of Manila’s anti-drug strongman Rodrigo Duterte in 2016: essentially, by discrediting the liberal internet-based news site Rappler. The trolls behind this effort were traced to a “troll farm” in a suburb of St. Petersburg, Russia, where they pumped out “fake reality” incessantly. Ultimately, its tentacles reached America in the form of fake social media accounts. The author then shifts to the now-famous tactics of Srdja Popovic, a Serbian political activist who is in demand across the globe for his expertise in overthrowing dictators. Perversely, the Kremlin co-opted these methods to “strengthen the dictator.” Parodying protests, creating discord to “confuse, dismay, divide and delay”—these and other tactics have been used in the upheavals in Ukraine, Syria, England (Brexit), and, of course, in the U.S. during the presidential election of 2016, which, frustratingly, the author scarcely touches. In fact, much of the author’s exploration barely scratches the surface, and the memoir aspect is tentative.
A work that one wishes would dig much deeper.Pub Date: Aug. 6, 2019
ISBN: 978-1-5417-6211-4
Page Count: 256
Publisher: PublicAffairs
Review Posted Online: May 26, 2019
Kirkus Reviews Issue: June 15, 2019
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
A Churchill-ian view of native history—Ward, that is, not Winston—its facts filtered through a dense screen of ideology.
Custer died for your sins. And so, this book would seem to suggest, did every other native victim of colonialism.
Inducing guilt in non-native readers would seem to be the guiding idea behind Dunbar-Ortiz’s (Emerita, Ethnic Studies/California State Univ., Hayward; Blood on the Border: A Memoir of the Contra War, 2005, etc.) survey, which is hardly a new strategy. Indeed, the author says little that hasn’t been said before, but she packs a trove of ideological assumptions into nearly every page. For one thing, while “Indian” isn’t bad, since “[i]ndigenous individuals and peoples in North America on the whole do not consider ‘Indian’ a slur,” “American” is due to the fact that it’s “blatantly imperialistic.” Just so, indigenous peoples were overwhelmed by a “colonialist settler-state” (the very language broadly applied to Israelis vis-à-vis the Palestinians today) and then “displaced to fragmented reservations and economically decimated”—after, that is, having been forced to live in “concentration camps.” Were he around today, Vine Deloria Jr., the always-indignant champion of bias-puncturing in defense of native history, would disavow such tidily packaged, ready-made, reflexive language. As it is, the readers who are likely to come to this book—undergraduates, mostly, in survey courses—probably won’t question Dunbar-Ortiz’s inaccurate assertion that the military phrase “in country” derives from the military phrase “Indian country” or her insistence that all Spanish people in the New World were “gold-obsessed.” Furthermore, most readers won’t likely know that some Ancestral Pueblo (for whom Dunbar-Ortiz uses the long-abandoned term “Anasazi”) sites show evidence of cannibalism and torture, which in turn points to the inconvenient fact that North America wasn’t entirely an Eden before the arrival of Europe.
A Churchill-ian view of native history—Ward, that is, not Winston—its facts filtered through a dense screen of ideology.Pub Date: Sept. 16, 2014
ISBN: 978-0-8070-0040-3
Page Count: 296
Publisher: Beacon Press
Review Posted Online: Aug. 17, 2014
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 15, 2014
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK TO SCREEN
Occasionally wonky but overall a good case for how the dismal science can make the world less—well, dismal.
“Quality of life means more than just consumption”: Two MIT economists urge that a smarter, more politically aware economics be brought to bear on social issues.
It’s no secret, write Banerjee and Duflo (co-authors: Poor Economics: A Radical Rethinking of the Way To Fight Global Poverty, 2011), that “we seem to have fallen on hard times.” Immigration, trade, inequality, and taxation problems present themselves daily, and they seem to be intractable. Economics can be put to use in figuring out these big-issue questions. Data can be adduced, for example, to answer the question of whether immigration tends to suppress wages. The answer: “There is no evidence low-skilled migration to rich countries drives wage and employment down for the natives.” In fact, it opens up opportunities for those natives by freeing them to look for better work. The problem becomes thornier when it comes to the matter of free trade; as the authors observe, “left-behind people live in left-behind places,” which explains why regional poverty descended on Appalachia when so many manufacturing jobs left for China in the age of globalism, leaving behind not just left-behind people but also people ripe for exploitation by nationalist politicians. The authors add, interestingly, that the same thing occurred in parts of Germany, Spain, and Norway that fell victim to the “China shock.” In what they call a “slightly technical aside,” they build a case for addressing trade issues not with trade wars but with consumption taxes: “It makes no sense to ask agricultural workers to lose their jobs just so steelworkers can keep theirs, which is what tariffs accomplish.” Policymakers might want to consider such counsel, especially when it is coupled with the observation that free trade benefits workers in poor countries but punishes workers in rich ones.
Occasionally wonky but overall a good case for how the dismal science can make the world less—well, dismal.Pub Date: Nov. 12, 2019
ISBN: 978-1-61039-950-0
Page Count: 432
Publisher: PublicAffairs
Review Posted Online: Aug. 28, 2019
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 15, 2019
SEEN & HEARD
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