THE 272

A probing examination of the causes and aftermath of the sale of 272 people enslaved by Catholic priests in 1838.

Swarns, a New York Times contributor and NYU journalism professor, expands on a story she published in the Times in 2016, in which she explored the sale of people enslaved by the Jesuit order in Maryland to plantation owners in Louisiana. The proceeds—approximately $4.5 million in today's dollars—were used to fund Georgetown University (then College) as well as Holy Cross in Massachusetts and Loyola College in Baltimore. The author smoothly weaves together the stories of the priests who, beginning in the 18th century, supervised plantations in Maryland, collectively becoming “one of the largest enslavers in Maryland,” and the families they enslaved, whose stories were passed down to their descendants. She carefully analyzes the economic rationales for both owning and ultimately selling the enslaved people, contrasting the monetary data with the devastating personal impacts of the sales, relocation, and enslavement of the people involved. Her careful look at the Jesuit hierarchy reveals both villains—e.g., the Georgetown president who squandered money and paid little attention to the lives of those sold to raise funds for the college—and more sympathetic figures, such as the priest who fought to allow families to remain together on one of the Maryland plantations and to raise and sell their own crops. Swarns also traces the family lines of the Mahoney family, beginning in the 17th century with a matriarch who was unjustly enslaved after being assured she could live as an indentured servant, leading up to sisters Anna and Louisa, one of whom was sold to a Louisiana plantation in 1838 while the other remained in Maryland, and then on to their present-day descendants. Both lively and scrupulously documented, the book brings to light a previously unknown piece of the history of slavery in the U.S.

A balanced, comprehensively researched account of a grim period.