A coolly delivered small-focus study.
A lively treatise on the most offensive word in the English language, from a renowned expert on civil rights and black legal history (Race, Crime, and the Law, 1997).
Jumping off from a series of lectures he gave in 1999, Harvard Law Professor Kennedy explores with care the cultural, social, and legal significance of the powerful N-word. He looks at the unique staying-power of this highly charged term, asking why and how so forbidden an expression of race hate has come to also be used, in various forms, as an expression of esteem, power, and affection. Kennedy gives an account of the word’s origin and history in 17th-century America, examines revealing court cases in which it has figured, and in a chapter entitled “Pitfalls in Fighting Nigger” analyzes the various efforts on campus and in the workplace to inhibit its use. He has a well-tuned ear for the diverse ways the word has infiltrated the American vernacular, and strong views about the many PC arguments that have swirled around the issues it raises; he cites many wrongful abuses of the term, but tends to be critical of excessive measures taken by some to control or punish offensive speech. Rap music, TV shows, films, and books also get the treatment, with discussions of many familiar black artists, from Spike Lee to Bill Cosby to Tupac Shakur, and commentary on the edgy, self-deprecating humor of Chris Rock, Richard Pryor, and the stars of Def Comedy Jam, as well as the long-running controversy over the ’50s TV sitcom Amos ’n’ Andy, which featured black stereotypes. Kennedy is at his best, however, when describing and interpreting legal cases, and his explanations of relevant courtroom dramas move it all along as he guides the reader to an understanding of the “mere words” and “fighting words” doctrines that have helped shape legal thinking on the subject. While some seasoned readers of black history may feel there’s not much here about “nigger” they don’t already know, Kennedy’s knack for storytelling and his overall smarts make this a very enjoyable one-sitting affair.
A coolly delivered small-focus study.Pub Date: Jan. 22, 2002
ISBN: 0-375-42172-6
Page Count: 224
Publisher: Pantheon
Review Posted Online: May 19, 2010
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Dec. 1, 2001
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
For Howard Zinn, long-time civil rights and anti-war activist, history and ideology have a lot in common. Since he thinks that everything is in someone's interest, the historian—Zinn posits—has to figure out whose interests he or she is defining/defending/reconstructing (hence one of his previous books, The Politics of History). Zinn has no doubts about where he stands in this "people's history": "it is a history disrespectful of governments and respectful of people's movements of resistance." So what we get here, instead of the usual survey of wars, presidents, and institutions, is a survey of the usual rebellions, strikes, and protest movements. Zinn starts out by depicting the arrival of Columbus in North America from the standpoint of the Indians (which amounts to their standpoint as constructed from the observations of the Europeans); and, after easily establishing the cultural disharmony that ensued, he goes on to the importation of slaves into the colonies. Add the laborers and indentured servants that followed, plus women and later immigrants, and you have Zinn's amorphous constituency. To hear Zinn tell it, all anyone did in America at any time was to oppress or be oppressed; and so he obscures as much as his hated mainstream historical foes do—only in Zinn's case there is that absurd presumption that virtually everything that came to pass was the work of ruling-class planning: this amounts to one great indictment for conspiracy. Despite surface similarities, this is not a social history, since we get no sense of the fabric of life. Instead of negating the one-sided histories he detests, Zinn has merely reversed the image; the distortion remains.
Pub Date: Jan. 1, 1979
ISBN: 0061965588
Page Count: 772
Publisher: Harper & Row
Review Posted Online: May 26, 2012
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 1, 1979
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
The value of this book is the context it provides, in a style aimed at a concerned citizenry rather than fellow academics,...
A provocative analysis of the parallels between Donald Trump’s ascent and the fall of other democracies.
Following the last presidential election, Levitsky (Transforming Labor-Based Parties in Latin America, 2003, etc.) and Ziblatt (Conservative Parties and the Birth of Democracy, 2017, etc.), both professors of government at Harvard, wrote an op-ed column titled, “Is Donald Trump a Threat to Democracy?” The answer here is a resounding yes, though, as in that column, the authors underscore their belief that the crisis extends well beyond the power won by an outsider whom they consider a demagogue and a liar. “Donald Trump may have accelerated the process, but he didn’t cause it,” they write of the politics-as-warfare mentality. “The weakening of our democratic norms is rooted in extreme partisan polarization—one that extends beyond policy differences into an existential conflict over race and culture.” The authors fault the Republican establishment for failing to stand up to Trump, even if that meant electing his opponent, and they seem almost wistfully nostalgic for the days when power brokers in smoke-filled rooms kept candidacies restricted to a club whose members knew how to play by the rules. Those supporting the candidacy of Bernie Sanders might take as much issue with their prescriptions as Trump followers will. However, the comparisons they draw to how democratic populism paved the way toward tyranny in Peru, Venezuela, Chile, and elsewhere are chilling. Among the warning signs they highlight are the Republican Senate’s refusal to consider Barack Obama’s Supreme Court nominee as well as Trump’s demonization of political opponents, minorities, and the media. As disturbing as they find the dismantling of Democratic safeguards, Levitsky and Ziblatt suggest that “a broad opposition coalition would have important benefits,” though such a coalition would strike some as a move to the center, a return to politics as usual, and even a pragmatic betrayal of principles.
The value of this book is the context it provides, in a style aimed at a concerned citizenry rather than fellow academics, rather than in the consensus it is not likely to build.Pub Date: Jan. 16, 2018
ISBN: 978-1-5247-6293-3
Page Count: 320
Publisher: Crown
Review Posted Online: Nov. 12, 2017
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Dec. 1, 2017
BOOK REVIEW
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