FLIGHT PATHS

An in-depth look at how scientists track bird migration.

Modern technology for tracking migratory birds can sound like something out of science fiction—e.g., analyzing the hydrogen isotopes of a single feather can indicate the breeding range of a particular species. Weather data can show their migration patterns on radar, and minuscule devices can be implanted under feathers, using the movement of the sun to determine their location. Earlier techniques, on the other hand, bordered on the mystical: moon-watching parties, for example, where ornithologists would spend hours with a telescope, waiting for a bird to fly across the full moon. In her debut book, Heisman, who studied zoology in college and has worked with a variety of bird-related groups, including the American Ornithological Society, “the world’s largest professional organization for scientists who study birds,” creates a skillful and accessible narrative about how we research and understand bird migration, from the first birds ever to be banded to current methodologies. As the author shows, community science, where people who track birds as a hobby contribute essential data, is more important than ever in the current era of dramatic climate change. “Although tiny transmitters, mass spectrometers, and Doppler radar stations are great,” notes Heisman, “if you have a smartphone in your pocket, you already have all the equipment you need to join the cause of studying and conserving migratory birds.” With apps like eBird, it’s easy to track bird species and locations, providing valuable insight into migration patterns and disruption. In North America, bird populations have declined by nearly 30% since 1970, so initiatives for better understanding migration patterns are more important than ever. As Heisman asserts, “in the Anthropocene, even birds capable of the most extreme physiological feats will need human help to survive into the future.” Understanding and tracking bird migration is the first step.

A fascinating treat for avid bird-watchers.