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DEBTORS' PRISON

THE POLITICS OF AUSTERITY VERSUS POSSIBILITY

Illuminating economic history and sometimes eye-opening about the current situation—however, this version of leftist...

American Prospect co-founder and -editor Kuttner (A Presidency In Peril: The Inside Story of Obama's Promise, Wall Street's Power and the Struggle to Control Our Economic Future, 2010, etc.) critiques the Obama administration's embrace of debt-driven austerity policies and calls for the resumption of postponed financial reforms.

“Only the Republican refusal to entertain any tax increases under any circumstances saved the Democrats from even worse policies—at least so far,” writes the author, who insists that austerity is no match for a deflationary depression in progress. Historical background provides him precedents for such ideas as writing down unpayable debts, like mortgages, and reorganizing insolvent issuing institutions. These approaches were part of America's legacy in the past but are not included in today's policy discussions and are “far outside the political mainstream.” Kuttner believes that public policy must find ways to give relief to private debts that are “depressing demand and holding back recovery.” He asserts that the Federal Reserve has the power to play a direct role in this effort, and he also provides a discussion of the European financial crisis. Framed by intriguing discussions of the development of bankruptcy law from 18th-century English precedents and 19th-century political conflicts between independent farmers and corporate middlemen over credit and money creation, the author's focus on Obama is unsparing: “on the issue of spending cuts, Obama had already given away the game... it was all to clear that the eventual bargain would be fiscally conservative with cuts in Medicare and Social Security.”

Illuminating economic history and sometimes eye-opening about the current situation—however, this version of leftist economics will likely be taken as an ideological counterpoint to rightist free market doctrines, rather than a political solution capable of bringing representatives of different interests together in common purpose.

Pub Date: May 2, 2013

ISBN: 978-0-307-95980-5

Page Count: 352

Publisher: Knopf

Review Posted Online: March 27, 2013

Kirkus Reviews Issue: April 15, 2013

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A PEOPLE'S HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES

For Howard Zinn, long-time civil rights and anti-war activist, history and ideology have a lot in common. Since he thinks that everything is in someone's interest, the historian—Zinn posits—has to figure out whose interests he or she is defining/defending/reconstructing (hence one of his previous books, The Politics of History). Zinn has no doubts about where he stands in this "people's history": "it is a history disrespectful of governments and respectful of people's movements of resistance." So what we get here, instead of the usual survey of wars, presidents, and institutions, is a survey of the usual rebellions, strikes, and protest movements. Zinn starts out by depicting the arrival of Columbus in North America from the standpoint of the Indians (which amounts to their standpoint as constructed from the observations of the Europeans); and, after easily establishing the cultural disharmony that ensued, he goes on to the importation of slaves into the colonies. Add the laborers and indentured servants that followed, plus women and later immigrants, and you have Zinn's amorphous constituency. To hear Zinn tell it, all anyone did in America at any time was to oppress or be oppressed; and so he obscures as much as his hated mainstream historical foes do—only in Zinn's case there is that absurd presumption that virtually everything that came to pass was the work of ruling-class planning: this amounts to one great indictment for conspiracy. Despite surface similarities, this is not a social history, since we get no sense of the fabric of life. Instead of negating the one-sided histories he detests, Zinn has merely reversed the image; the distortion remains.

Pub Date: Jan. 1, 1979

ISBN: 0061965588

Page Count: 772

Publisher: Harper & Row

Review Posted Online: May 26, 2012

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 1, 1979

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I KNOW WHY THE CAGED BIRD SINGS

However charily one should apply the word, a beautiful book, an unconditionally involving memoir for our time or any time.

Maya Angelou is a natural writer with an inordinate sense of life and she has written an exceptional autobiographical narrative which retrieves her first sixteen years from "the general darkness just beyond the great blinkers of childhood."

Her story is told in scenes, ineluctably moving scenes, from the time when she and her brother were sent by her fancy living parents to Stamps, Arkansas, and a grandmother who had the local Store. Displaced they were and "If growing up is painful for the Southern Black girl, being aware of her displacement is the rust on the razor that threatens the throat." But alternating with all the pain and terror (her rape at the age of eight when in St. Louis With her mother) and humiliation (a brief spell in the kitchen of a white woman who refused to remember her name) and fear (of a lynching—and the time they buried afflicted Uncle Willie under a blanket of vegetables) as well as all the unanswered and unanswerable questions, there are affirmative memories and moments: her charming brother Bailey; her own "unshakable God"; a revival meeting in a tent; her 8th grade graduation; and at the end, when she's sixteen, the birth of a baby. Times When as she says "It seemed that the peace of a day's ending was an assurance that the covenant God made with children, Negroes and the crippled was still in effect."

However charily one should apply the word, a beautiful book, an unconditionally involving memoir for our time or any time.

Pub Date: Feb. 1, 1969

ISBN: 0375507892

Page Count: 235

Publisher: Random House

Review Posted Online: May 14, 2012

Kirkus Reviews Issue: Feb. 1, 1969

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