With strong global leadership, writes the author, these hopeful trends will continue. A good book for policymakers and...
An optimistic report on the unprecedented recent economic progress of the world’s developing nations.
“Never before have so many people, in so many developing countries, made so much progress, in so short a time in reducing poverty, increasing incomes, improving health, reducing conflict and war, and spreading democracy,” writes Radelet (Global Human Development/Georgetown Univ., Emerging Africa: How 17 Countries Are Leading the Way, 2010). In this welcome overview of transformations in more than 100 developing countries over the past two decades, he emphasizes that “the news is not all good” and not all developing nations are participating. Nonetheless, there has been a remarkable surge of progress: nearly 1 billion people have been lifted from poverty; incomes, however irregular and unpredictable, are rising; and there have been dramatic improvements in health and education. Dictatorships have been replaced by democracies (now the form of government in half of these nations), and civil wars have been cut in half. What’s more, writes Radelet, much of this hopeful picture has been overlooked, with news reports focusing on gloom-and-doom stories and many researchers using perspectives that fail to recognize significant ongoing changes. Drawing on a trove of data and his own experiences working in Indonesia and Africa, he traces improvements to many factors: the end of the Cold War, which eliminated U.S. and Soviet support for favored dictators; new technologies; increased global integration; and local and world leadership. Across the board, people are “less poor,” with China leading the way and with a host of sub-Saharan nations enjoying growing economies. Furthermore, drastic reductions in infant mortality are slowing population growth, with parents having fewer children. The nice mix of bright anecdotes and solid data makes the book highly accessible. Radelet describes the enormous impact of cheaper airfares, mobile phones, standardized shipping containers, and new agricultural technologies.
With strong global leadership, writes the author, these hopeful trends will continue. A good book for policymakers and readers interested in global current affairs.Pub Date: Nov. 10, 2015
ISBN: 978-1-4767-6478-8
Page Count: 368
Publisher: Simon & Schuster
Review Posted Online: Aug. 31, 2015
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 15, 2015
For Howard Zinn, long-time civil rights and anti-war activist, history and ideology have a lot in common. Since he thinks that everything is in someone's interest, the historian—Zinn posits—has to figure out whose interests he or she is defining/defending/reconstructing (hence one of his previous books, The Politics of History). Zinn has no doubts about where he stands in this "people's history": "it is a history disrespectful of governments and respectful of people's movements of resistance." So what we get here, instead of the usual survey of wars, presidents, and institutions, is a survey of the usual rebellions, strikes, and protest movements. Zinn starts out by depicting the arrival of Columbus in North America from the standpoint of the Indians (which amounts to their standpoint as constructed from the observations of the Europeans); and, after easily establishing the cultural disharmony that ensued, he goes on to the importation of slaves into the colonies. Add the laborers and indentured servants that followed, plus women and later immigrants, and you have Zinn's amorphous constituency. To hear Zinn tell it, all anyone did in America at any time was to oppress or be oppressed; and so he obscures as much as his hated mainstream historical foes do—only in Zinn's case there is that absurd presumption that virtually everything that came to pass was the work of ruling-class planning: this amounts to one great indictment for conspiracy. Despite surface similarities, this is not a social history, since we get no sense of the fabric of life. Instead of negating the one-sided histories he detests, Zinn has merely reversed the image; the distortion remains.
Pub Date: Jan. 1, 1979
ISBN: 0061965588
Page Count: 772
Publisher: Harper & Row
Review Posted Online: May 26, 2012
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 1, 1979
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
Occasionally wonky but overall a good case for how the dismal science can make the world less—well, dismal.
“Quality of life means more than just consumption”: Two MIT economists urge that a smarter, more politically aware economics be brought to bear on social issues.
It’s no secret, write Banerjee and Duflo (co-authors: Poor Economics: A Radical Rethinking of the Way To Fight Global Poverty, 2011), that “we seem to have fallen on hard times.” Immigration, trade, inequality, and taxation problems present themselves daily, and they seem to be intractable. Economics can be put to use in figuring out these big-issue questions. Data can be adduced, for example, to answer the question of whether immigration tends to suppress wages. The answer: “There is no evidence low-skilled migration to rich countries drives wage and employment down for the natives.” In fact, it opens up opportunities for those natives by freeing them to look for better work. The problem becomes thornier when it comes to the matter of free trade; as the authors observe, “left-behind people live in left-behind places,” which explains why regional poverty descended on Appalachia when so many manufacturing jobs left for China in the age of globalism, leaving behind not just left-behind people but also people ripe for exploitation by nationalist politicians. The authors add, interestingly, that the same thing occurred in parts of Germany, Spain, and Norway that fell victim to the “China shock.” In what they call a “slightly technical aside,” they build a case for addressing trade issues not with trade wars but with consumption taxes: “It makes no sense to ask agricultural workers to lose their jobs just so steelworkers can keep theirs, which is what tariffs accomplish.” Policymakers might want to consider such counsel, especially when it is coupled with the observation that free trade benefits workers in poor countries but punishes workers in rich ones.
Occasionally wonky but overall a good case for how the dismal science can make the world less—well, dismal.Pub Date: Nov. 12, 2019
ISBN: 978-1-61039-950-0
Page Count: 432
Publisher: PublicAffairs
Review Posted Online: Aug. 28, 2019
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Sept. 15, 2019
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