POWER FAILURE

A business journalist traces the rise and fall of General Electric, the company that once exemplified American business.

There was a time when GE, a key player in the electricity revolution that powered America in the 20th century, was a leader in innovation and acumen, a reputation that persisted into the postwar era as it became a diversified conglomerate. Now there are only scattered fragments and a broken reputation. In this hefty study, Cohan, a former investment banker who has written multiple books on finance and Wall Street, delves into the records of the company’s early days, but he also presents the results of his interviews with CEOs of the modern era: Jack Welch, Jeff Immelt, and John Flannery. The current CEO, Larry Culp, declined to participate. Welch’s drive took the company into new areas, but his tenure was also problematic. GE’s strength was always industrial operations, but Welch moved it into media and financial services, using its internal bank GE Capital as the springboard. Welch picked Immelt as his successor but later said that the choice was a mistake. Immelt, for his part, claims that he spent much of his tenure cleaning up disasters that Welch swept under the rug (all of which he covers in detail in his 2021 memoir, Hot Seat). By the time Welch stepped down in 2001, the company had become dangerously overextended. The 2008 financial crisis exposed the corporation’s myriad weaknesses, and a painful period of sell-offs began. Flannery tried to bring order to the chaos with a proposal for radical restructuring, but he was fired after only 15 months. This is a long, complicated story, and there are times when Cohan struggles to keep the sprawling cast of squabbling characters organized. As he capably shows, all of GE’s leaders made mistakes, but there was also a pervasive sense of hubris. Would-be corporate titans, take note.

A sweeping tale of ambition, arrogance, egos, and feuds—and how they brought down a once-great company.