An informed, if limited, case for why geographical and residential mobility matters in capitalist economies.
A revisionist history of U.S. residential mobility and its consequences.
Appelbaum, historian and executive editor at the Atlantic, claims that “the freedom to move is a fundamental American right.” Despite this ideal, the country has a mobility crisis. When people moved to where opportunities for advancement were abundant, America prospered. The country was growing, and housing was available where people could live well. Mobility shaped the American character and guaranteed its democracy. In the early- to mid-20th century, geographical mobility was sharply diminished. Tenement house reforms, restrictions on mortgage lending in the 1940s and 1950s, and NIMBY movements a few decades later closed communities to newcomers. “Every year, fewer Americans can afford to live where they want to,” he writes. The primary culprit was and still is zoning, a system of land use regulation that stifles attempts to diversify places of opportunity. Overlaid on this problem is persistent racial discrimination in housing. The result is diminished upward social mobility, increasing inequality, and lower economic growth. “The loss of mobility is experienced as a loss of agency, a loss of opportunity, a loss of dignity, a loss of hope.” Appelbaum proposes higher-density development, tolerance for a variety of housing types, flexible zoning, and more housing in affluent places. Except for his discussion of race, though, Appelbaum attends too little to the mechanisms that distribute opportunities in job markets, education, and health care and through the courts, nor does he give enough consideration to how housing and land markets function in a capitalist political economy. He rarely mentions developers and bankers, and the class nature of housing markets is hardly discussed. That said, Appelbaum deserves credit for highlighting the relationship between access to opportunities and spatial mobility and for sketching its history.
An informed, if limited, case for why geographical and residential mobility matters in capitalist economies.Pub Date: Feb. 18, 2025
ISBN: 9780593449295
Page Count: 320
Publisher: Random House
Review Posted Online: Dec. 14, 2024
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 15, 2025
Dogged original research and superb narrative skills come together in this gripping account of pitiless evil.
Greed, depravity, and serial murder in 1920s Oklahoma.
During that time, enrolled members of the Osage Indian nation were among the wealthiest people per capita in the world. The rich oil fields beneath their reservation brought millions of dollars into the tribe annually, distributed to tribal members holding "headrights" that could not be bought or sold but only inherited. This vast wealth attracted the attention of unscrupulous whites who found ways to divert it to themselves by marrying Osage women or by having Osage declared legally incompetent so the whites could fleece them through the administration of their estates. For some, however, these deceptive tactics were not enough, and a plague of violent death—by shooting, poison, orchestrated automobile accident, and bombing—began to decimate the Osage in what they came to call the "Reign of Terror." Corrupt and incompetent law enforcement and judicial systems ensured that the perpetrators were never found or punished until the young J. Edgar Hoover saw cracking these cases as a means of burnishing the reputation of the newly professionalized FBI. Bestselling New Yorkerstaff writer Grann (The Devil and Sherlock Holmes: Tales of Murder, Madness, and Obsession, 2010, etc.) follows Special Agent Tom White and his assistants as they track the killers of one extended Osage family through a closed local culture of greed, bigotry, and lies in pursuit of protection for the survivors and justice for the dead. But he doesn't stop there; relying almost entirely on primary and unpublished sources, the author goes on to expose a web of conspiracy and corruption that extended far wider than even the FBI ever suspected. This page-turner surges forward with the pacing of a true-crime thriller, elevated by Grann's crisp and evocative prose and enhanced by dozens of period photographs.
Dogged original research and superb narrative skills come together in this gripping account of pitiless evil.Pub Date: April 18, 2017
ISBN: 978-0-385-53424-6
Page Count: 352
Publisher: Doubleday
Review Posted Online: Feb. 1, 2017
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Feb. 15, 2017
BOOK TO SCREEN
BOOK TO SCREEN
BOOK TO SCREEN
For Howard Zinn, long-time civil rights and anti-war activist, history and ideology have a lot in common. Since he thinks that everything is in someone's interest, the historian—Zinn posits—has to figure out whose interests he or she is defining/defending/reconstructing (hence one of his previous books, The Politics of History). Zinn has no doubts about where he stands in this "people's history": "it is a history disrespectful of governments and respectful of people's movements of resistance." So what we get here, instead of the usual survey of wars, presidents, and institutions, is a survey of the usual rebellions, strikes, and protest movements. Zinn starts out by depicting the arrival of Columbus in North America from the standpoint of the Indians (which amounts to their standpoint as constructed from the observations of the Europeans); and, after easily establishing the cultural disharmony that ensued, he goes on to the importation of slaves into the colonies. Add the laborers and indentured servants that followed, plus women and later immigrants, and you have Zinn's amorphous constituency. To hear Zinn tell it, all anyone did in America at any time was to oppress or be oppressed; and so he obscures as much as his hated mainstream historical foes do—only in Zinn's case there is that absurd presumption that virtually everything that came to pass was the work of ruling-class planning: this amounts to one great indictment for conspiracy. Despite surface similarities, this is not a social history, since we get no sense of the fabric of life. Instead of negating the one-sided histories he detests, Zinn has merely reversed the image; the distortion remains.
Pub Date: Jan. 1, 1979
ISBN: 0061965588
Page Count: 772
Publisher: Harper & Row
Review Posted Online: May 26, 2012
Kirkus Reviews Issue: Jan. 1, 1979
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
BOOK REVIEW
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